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Over the past four decades there has been a trend for pharmacy practice to move away from its original focus on medicine supply towards a more inclusive focus on patient care. The role of the pharmacist has evolved from that of a compounder and supplier of pharmaceutical products towards that of a provider of services and information and ultimately that of a provider of patient care. Increasingly, the pharmacist's task is to ensure that a patient's drug therapy is appropriately indicated, the most effective available, the safest possible, and convenient for the patient. By taking direct responsibility for individual patient's medicine- related needs, pharmacists can make a unique contribution to the outcome of drugtherapy and to their patients' quality of life.
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AN INTRODUCTION TO HOSPITAL PHARMACY
Abstract:
The aim of this guide is to help pre-registered trainees working in community pharmacies to gain an understanding of the practice of hospital pharmacy, observe some of the differences and similarities between the two areas of practice and achieve some of the Performance Standards set by the RPSGB.
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DEVELOPING PHARMACY PRACTICE
Abstract:
This introductory handbook sets out a new paradigm for pharmacy practice. Its aim is to guide pharmacy educators in pharmacy practice, to educate pharmacy students and to guide pharmacists in practice to update their skills. The handbook, which brings together practical tools and knowledge, has been written in response to a need to define, develop and generate global understanding of pharmaceutical care at all levels.
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STANDARD LIST OF MEDICINES, EQUIPMENT, INSTRUMENTS, OPTICAL SUPPLIES AND EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES FOR PRIMARY AND SECONDARY LEVEL EYE CARE SERVICES
Abstract :
The list has been produced to assist project managers and medical personnel who are involved in providing eye care services. It aims to cover the essential equipment, instruments and supplies for primary and secondary (district) level eye care.
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DEVELOPING PHARMACY PRACTICE - A FOCUS ON PATIENT CARE
Abstract :
The aim of this paper is to guide pharmacy educators in pharmacy practice, to educate pharmacy students and to guide pharmacists in practice to update their skills. The handbook, which brings together practical tools and knowledge, has been written in response to a need to define, develop and generate global understanding of pharmaceutical care at all levels.
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ENHANCING COMMUNITY PHARMACY THROUGH ADVANCED PHARMACY PRACTICE EXPERIENCES
Abstract :
These sites provide pharmacy students with the opportunity to observe the integration of pharmaceutical care activities into community practice.
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THE ROLE OF REFLECTIVE PRACTICE IN PHARMACY
Abstract :
The aim of this discussion paper to argue for the importance of linking education and practice as a core part of the teaching of pharmaceutical care.
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USE OF RETURNED OR UNUSED DISPENSED MEDICINES
Abstract :
This article contains policy covered for unused medicines returned to Queensland Health that: have been dispensed/supplied for patient to use at and are returned to a hospital/clinic by the patient (or their carer). Also it covers medicines dispensed elsewhere that are brought into a hospital/clinic by the patient.
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MEDICATION PRESCRIBING ERRORS IN A PUBLIC TEACHING HOSPITAL IN INDIA: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY
Abstract :
This study had presented a pattern of findings of medication prescribing errors in a public teaching hospital in India.
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DRUG-DISPENSING ERRORS IN THE HOSPITAL PHARMACY
Abstract :
The objective of the study was to determine the dispensing error rate and to identify factors associated with them, and to propose prevention actions.
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GOOD PHARMACY PRACTICE: A REVIEW
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GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS FOR PHARMACISTS
Abstract :
The aim of this study is to provide a structured and collaborative review of a resident's medications to optimise the benefits from medicine use and enhance quality of life. Comprehensive information about the resident and their medicine use is collated and assessed in order to identify and meet medication-related needs and to identify, prevent and resolve medication-related problems.
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PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR HOSPITAL
PHARMACY PRE-REGISTRANT PROGRAMMES
Abstract :
This link contains practice guidelines for hospital pharmacy pre-registrant programmes in different areas like out patient, drug mgt, clinical trials etc.
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There is strong scientific evidence that cost-effective medications can contribute to substantial individual and public health benefits in this respect. Cost Effectiveness and Resource Allocation is utmost essential at this stage in pharmacy. We have provided you with articles related to cost effectiveness of pharmacy.
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PRICE, AVAILABILITY AND AFFORDABILITY
Abstract:
This report, on the prices, availability and affordability of chronic disease medicines, was prepared for the WHO Planning Meeting on the Global Initiative for Treatment of Chronic Diseases held in Cairo in December 2005. The report documents the situation in 30 countries covering all six WHO Regions. It identifies serious gaps in availability in the public sector, and high prices, and thus poor affordability, in the private sector in most countries.
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DRUGS AND MONEY
Abstract:
The article aims to provide policy makers and regulators with a compact and practical review of the various approaches which have been developed and tested to date in an effort to contain the overall costs of pharmaceutical services and drug treatment.
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PRACTICAL PHARMACY FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Abstract :
The goal of practical pharmacy is to provide accessible and accurate information on medicines issues for front-line health workers who may not have any pharmaceutical training. This issue of practical pharmacy would be best used as a supplement to your national tuberculosis (tb) guidelines. It is extremely important for all people involved in tb care to have access to the national treatment guidelines.
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MEDICINE PRICES, AVAILABILITY, AND AFFORDABILITY IN 36 DEVELOPING AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS
Abstract :
WHO and Health Action International (HAI) have developed a standardised method
for surveying medicine prices, availability, affordability, and price components in low-income and middle-income countries. Here, it presents a secondary analysis of medicine prices and availability in 45 national and subnational surveys done using the WHO/HAI methodology.
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MEDICINES PRICING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Abstract :
This link contains questions and answers on medicine prices, availability and affordability.
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DEVELOPMENT OF WHO GUIDELINES ON GENERALIZED COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS
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MANAGING PHARMACY COSTS
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Among the many pharmacy management functions performed in a pharmacy, few have more direct impact than purchasing policies and inventory control. Sound purchasing and inventory control are closely interrelated because one cannot be effective without the other. Purchasing requires knowing the right quality and quantity to buy, when to order, at what price, and from what sources. Inventory is simply the result of this buying. Some kind of inventory control system is essential to carry out the purchasing function effectively. For example, one must know how much of a given item is in stock at a given time in order to decide whether it is time to reorder.
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Pharmacists should move from behind the counter and start serving the public by providing care instead of pills only. There is no future in the mere act of dispensing. That activity can and will be taken over by the internet, machines, and/or hardly trained technicians. The fact that pharmacists have an academic training and act as health care professionals puts a burden upon them to better serve the community than they currently do.
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The carefully designed pharmacy makes finding exactly what you need a breeze. An effective layout has to be developed for the optimum utilization of pharmacist and technician time. The layout and work system in pharmacies should facilitate optimum space utilization and ease to pharmacist and patients.
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Resources covering the subject of pharmacy law are limited in nature. We have attempted to provide you some links which speaks about pharmacy laws in this section.
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Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (RPSGB)
The Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain (RPSGB) is the professional and regulatory body for pharmacists in England, Scotland and Wales. It also regulates pharmacy technicians on a voluntary basis, which is expected to become statutory under anticipated legislation. The primary objectives of the Society are to lead, regulate, develop and represent the profession of pharmacy.
Website : www.rpsgb.org
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Practices in Pharmacy
Cost Effectiveness
Purchasing and Inventory Management
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