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Amblyopia may be caused by any condition that affects normal visual development or use of the eyes. Amblyopia can be caused by strabismus, an imbalance in the positioning of the two eyes. Strabismus can cause the eyes to cross in (esotropia) or turn out (exotropia). Sometimes amblyopia is caused when one eye is more nearsighted, farsighted, or astigmatic than the other eye. Occasionally, amblyopia is caused by other eye conditions such as cataract.
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AMBLYOPIA
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ANISOMETROPIA, PATIENT AGE, AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF AMBLYOPIA
Abstract
A statewide preschool photoscreening program screened 120,000 children and identified 792 with anisometropia greater than 1.0 diopter. Age was correlated with visual acuity and amblyopia depth. Data were compared with those from 562 strabismic children similarly identified.
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AMBLYOPIA
Abstract:
This article discusses about various aspects of Amblyopia.
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LAZY EYE
Abstract
This article deals with what is lazy eye, its definition and description, Causes and risk factors and treatment for lazy eye.
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Amblyopia is the most common cause of visual impairment in childhood. The condition affects approximately 2 to 3 out of every 100 children. Unless it is successfully treated in early childhood, amblyopia usually persists into adulthood, and is the most common cause of monocular (one eye) visual impairment among children and young and middle-aged adults.
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There is a huge need to develop a setting up of systematic model that determines the costs, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of four screening strategies to detect amblyopia or amblyogenic factors in pre-school children and to apply the model in a various setting. Here are some articles which touch upon setting up for treating amblyopia.
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Treating amblyopia involves making the child use the eye with the reduced vision (weaker eye). Currently, there are two ways used to do this:
Atropine
A drop of a drug called atropine is placed in the stronger eye once a day to temporarily blur the vision so that the child will prefer to use the eye with amblyopia. Treatment with atropine also stimulates vision in the weaker eye and helps the part of the brain that manages vision develop more completely.
Patching
An opaque, adhesive patch is worn over the stronger eye for weeks to months. This therapy forces the child to use the eye with amblyopia. Patching stimulates vision in the weaker eye and helps the part of the brain that manages vision develop more completely.
Previously, eye care professionals often thought that treating amblyopia in older children would be of little benefit. However, surprising results from a nationwide clinical trial show that many children age seven through 17 with amblyopia may benefit from treatments that are more commonly used on younger children. This study shows that age alone should not be used as a factor to decide whether or not to treat a child for amblyopia.
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FACTORS INFLUENCING VISUAL REHABILITATION AFTER OCCLUSION THERAPY IN UNILATERAL AMBLYOPIA IN CHILDREN
Abstract:
Amblylopia is one of the most common causes of visual impairment in adults and children, and visual loss may be permanent if not treated in time. Through many studies have been done on occlusion therapy which is the mainstay in the treatment of unilateral amblyopia, discrepancies exist in literature about quantification of treatment and follow up measures. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the factors responsible for the successful outcome of treatment and the optimum time requirement for the same in children with unilateral amblyopia.
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EFFICIENCY OF AMBLYOPIA TREATMENT IN OLDER CHILDREN
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AMBLYOPIA PREVENTION PROTOCOL IN LENSECTOMY WITH EPILENTICULAR IOL TREATED PATIENTS WITH CHILDHOOD CATARACT
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of epilenticular IOL implantation with pars plana lensectomy in traumatic and developmental childhood cataract aged 3 to 8 years and to evaluate amblyopia prevention protocol in these patients over a period of 4 to 10 years followup.
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"IS AGE RELEVANT FOR THE SUCCESS OF TREATMENT OF ANISOMETROPIC AMBLYOPIA?"
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TREATMENT OF ANISOMETROPIC AMBLYOPIA IN PATIENTS MORE THAN 12 YEARS OLD
Abstract
The purpose was to study the success rate of treatment of anisometropic amblyopia, in patients more than 12 years old.
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PSYCHOSOCIAL AND CLINICAL DETERMINANTS OF COMPLIANCE WITH OCCLUSION THERAPY FOR AMBLYOPIC CHILDREN
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the extent that psychosocial and clinical variables influence parental compliance with occlusion therapy (eye patching) in children with amblyopia.
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GUIDELINES FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF AMBLYOPIA
Abstract
The aim of these guidelines is to summarise the existing evidence pertaining to the diagnosis and treatment of amblyopia and to indicate how this evidence should influence clinical practice.
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TREATMENT OF ANISOMETROPIC AMBLYOPIA IS OLDER CHILDREN USING MACULAR STIMULATION WITH TELESCOPE MAGNIFICATION.
Abstract
The study was a prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series of children aged 7-8 yeards with a confirmed diagnosis of Anisometropic Amblyopia not amenable to any further medical or surgical treatments. Strabismic and deprivation Amblyopia cases were excluded. The patients wore newly prescribed glasses and were instructed to use a telescopic device in conjunction with the glasses for 30 minutes every day while watching, undisturbed, a favorite television show. Compliance was verified by the parents and investigated at each visit. The outcome measure selected for this study was best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) Achieved at the 6-month follow-up visit.
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OPTOMETRIC CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINE - CARE OF THE PATIENT WITH AMBLYOPIA
Abstract
This Optometric clinical practice guideline for the care of the patient with Amblyopia describes appropriate examination and treatment procedures to reduce the risk of visual disability from Amblyopia. It contains recommendations for timely diagnosis, treatment, and, when necessary, referral for consultation with or treatment by another health care provider. This guideline will assist optometrists in achieving the various goals.
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EFFICIENCY OF OCCLUSION THERAPY FOR MANAGEMENT OF AMBLYOPIA IN OLDER CHILDREN
Abstract
The intention of this study is to analyze results of full time occlusion therapy for Amblyopia in children older than 6 years.
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AMBLYOPIA TREATMENT STUDY: A RANDOMIZED TRIAL TO EVALUATE 2 HOURS OF DAILY PATCHING FOR AMBLYOPIA IN CHILDREN 3 TO <7 YEARS OLD
Abstract
This study is addressing issues related to the treatment of amblyopia in children 3 to < 7 years old with visual acuity 20/40 to 20/400. The study consists of two phases:
(1) a Spectacle Phase in which patients are prescribed spectacles and followed until maximal improvement in visual acuity has occurred and
(2) a Randomized Trial comparing a group using patching treatment (in addition to spectacle correction) with a control group using spectacle correction only.
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VISION IN PRESCHOOLERS STUDY (VIP STUDY)
Abstract
The Vision In Preschoolers (VIP) Study is a multi-phased, multi-center, interdisciplinary, clinical study to evaluate the accuracy of screening tests used to identify preschool-aged children in need of further evaluation for vision disorders. The primary goal of the VIP Study is to determine whether there are tests or combinations of tests that can be used effectively to determine which preschoolers would benefit from a comprehensive eye examination to detect amblyopia, strabismus significant refractive error, and/or reduced visual acuity.
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AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON RECURRENCE OF AMBLYOPIA AFTER DISCONTINUATION OF TREATMENT
Abstract
The observational study will determine the recurrence rate and factors associated with recurrence when treatment is discontinued in patients whose amblyopia has been successfully treated. It will consist of about 200 children. The study will last for 12 months and each child will have at least four follow up visits. Visual acuity is assessed at the 12-month exam.
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A RANDOMIZED TRIAL COMPARING DAILY ATROPINE VERSUS WEEKEND ATROPINE
Abstract
The study is a randomized trial comparing atropine regimes for children moderate amblyopia. It will consist of about 160 children. Patients in the daily atropine group receive atropine 1% one drop daily in the sound eye. Patients in the weekend atropine group will receive atropine 1% twice a week (Saturday and Sunday) in the sound eye. Visual acuity is the major study outcome. It is measured after 17 weeks of treatment with either daily or weekend atropine.
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OCCLUSIVE THERAPY FOR MONOCULAR ANISOMETROPIC AMBLYOPIA IN SCHOOL CHILDREN
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of home occlusive therapy under parents supersvision in schoolchildren without orthoptic-pleoptic treatment.
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Health education helps individuals and groups of people learn to behave in a manner conducive to the promotion, maintenance or restoration of health. The ultimate aim of Health Education is Positive Behavioural Modification.
As far as Paediatric eye care is concerned a lot of health education materials have to be developed for creating awareness about the eye diseases. We have provided you with the links of various health education materials that can be used by you to get awareness of Amblyopia.
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PREVENT BLINDNESS AMERICA
Founded in 1908, Prevent Blindness America is the nation's leading volunteer eye health and safety organization dedicated to fighting blindness and saving sight. Focused on promoting a continuum of vision care, Prevent Blindness America touches the lives of millions of people each year.
We screen. We check the eyes of millions of children and adults each year. Our vision screenings help preschoolers at risk of vision loss from lazy eye (amblyopia), school children who depend on good vision for learning, and adults threatened by glaucoma and other serious vision problems.
We educate. We get the word out on better eye health through brochures, fact sheets, public service announcements, newsletters, media campaigns, special events and the web. Every year more than 120 million people read, hear or see our messages about early detection of eye disease and prevention of accidents that can cause permanent loss of sight.
We advocate. We work with government officials at the state, local and national levels - building grassroots advocacy movements that will improve our nation's public health policies.
We support groundbreaking vision research. We support the work of scientists who will find tomorrow's cures for the eye diseases that threaten Americans with vision loss and blindness.
We train. We train and certify adult and children's vision screeners and screening instructors through the only national program of its kind, providing 20,000 vision screening personnel with the skills they need to help people in their communities.
We are in your community today. We improve the quality of life for hundreds of thousands through our community programs. Our websites, www.preventblindness.org, www.diabetes-sight.org and our PBA Vision Health resource Center (1-800-331-2020) put us within reach of anyone with Internet access or a telephone.
Visit our website : www.preventblindness.org
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