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The number of persons estimated to be blind as a result of primary glaucoma is 4.5 million, accounting for slightly more than twelve per cent of all global blindness. Risk factors are those limited to the onset of disease and those associated with progressive worsening in already established disease. The primary risk factors that are linked to the individual and the onset of the disease are age and genetic predisposition. The incidence of Primary open-angle glaucoma rises with age and its progression is more frequent in people of African origin. Angle Closure Glaucoma is the common form of glaucoma in people of Asian origin.
As the majority of cases of glaucoma can be effectively managed, it is desirable to include this condition in VISION 2020 national plans. This is particularly appropriate in countries and regions where some of the 5 principally targeted eye conditions are not a public health problem, and more resources and attention can be dedicated to this eye disease.
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Glaucoma can be regarded as a group of diseases that have as a common end point a characteristic optic neuropathy which is determined by both structural change and functional deficit. The medical understanding of the nature of glaucoma has changed profoundly in the past few years and a precise comprehensive definition and diagnostic criteria are yet to be finalised. There are several types of glaucoma, however, the two most common are primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), having a slow and insidious onset, and angle closure glaucoma (ACG), which is less common and tends to be more acute.
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There is little known about primary prevention of glaucoma; however, there are effective methods of medical and surgical treatment if the disease is diagnosed in its early stage. Through appropriate treatment, sight may be maintained; otherwise the progression of the condition leads eventually to severe restriction of the visual field and irreversible blindness.
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HOW TO ASSESS A PATIENT FOR GLAUCOMA
Abstract:
This article explains about five components of the comprehensive eye examination which are specifically relevant to assess glaucoma.
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SCREENING FOR GLAUCOMA: RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT
Abstract:
This statement summarizes the USPSTF recommendation on screening for glaucoma and the supporting scientific evidence, and updates the 1996 recommendations contained in the Guide to Clinical Preventive Services, second edition.
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SCREENING FOR PREVENTION OF OPTIC NERVE DAMAGE DUE TO CHRONIC OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA (REVIEW)
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to determine the impact of screening for OAG compared with opportunistic case findings or current referral practices on the prevalence of and the degree of optic nerve damage due to OAG in screened and unscreened populations.
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A NEW APPROACH TO THE MEDICAL MANAGEMENT OF GLAUCOMA, FROM THE BENCH TO THE CLINIC, AND BEYOND THE PROCTOR LECTURE
Abstract
This article describes in detail that although prostaglandins (PGs) were said to have detrimental ocular effects, they and their derivatives were found later to represent a new approach to the medical management of glaucoma, being local hormones rather than the heretofore used agonists of the autonomic system or inhibitors that are totally foreign to the body. It also speaks about the author has a proprietary interest in the use of prostaglandins for the medical management of glaucoma through patents he has assigned to Columbia University, New York, New York, according to the policies of the US Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, which supported the research program of his laboratory in this field between 1970 and 1989.
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TREATMENTS FOR CONGENITAL GLAUCOMA
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN MANAGEMENT OF PRIMARY ANGLE CLOSURE GLAUCOMA
Abstract:
This book deals with the different types of glaucoma like acute angle, sub acute angle glaucoma, its epidemiology, history, diagnosis and the counselling and referral services etc in a detailed way.
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EVALUATION OF QUALITY OF LIFE FOR PATIENTS WITH GLAUCOMA
Abstract:
This article provides in detail about the study made to understand the impact of glaucoma on ability to function and on quality of life to guide therapeutic choices and strategies for improved adherence to therapeutic regimens and to suggest alterations to environments and help the patient to cope better with the effects of the disease.
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QUALITY ASSURANCE IN PRIMARY OPEN ANGLE GLAUCOMA
Abstract:
This book deals with the epidemiology, history, diagnosis, clinical evaluation, complications and counselling in primary open angle glaucoma.
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SECONDARY GLAUCOMAS: THE TASKS AHEAD
Abstract:
This article highlights the Prevalence of Secondary Glaucomas from various studies. It also talks about Lens Induced Secondary Glaucomas, Neovascular Secondary Glaucomas, Eye Injuries and Secondary Glaucomas and Drug-induced Secondary Glaucoma. A section also covers the Prevention of Secondary Glaucomas and its treatment.
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HOW TO MANAGE A PATIENT WITH GLAUCOMA IN AFRICA
Abstract:
How to manage a patient with glaucoma in Africa? The simple answer is: having made the diagnosis by optic disc assessment and intraocular pressure measurements (visual field tests are usually unavailable and unnecessary), perform trabeculectomy surgery using a technique broadly similar to that described by Ian Murdoch. This article discusses the reasons for this relatively universal management principle. The focus of this article is primary open-angle glaucoma, which affects the large majority of glaucoma patients across the continent. Some brief principles concerning management of other types of glaucoma in Africa are included.
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HOW TO MANAGE A PATIENT WITH GLAUCOMA IN ASIA
Abstract:
Primary angle-closure glaucoma is an important cause of blindness in Asia. Ophthalmic practitioners in Asian countries should focus on accurate detection and prevention of acute attacks and blindness from PACG with appropriate laser and surgical treatment.
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CHRONIC GLAUCOMA CASE FINDING AND TREATMENT IN RURAL AFRICA: SOME QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Abstract:
This article has some questions and answers on Chronic Glaucoma Case Finding and its Treatment in Rural Africa.
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DIABETIC RETINOPATHY: CLINICAL FINDINGS AND MANAGEMENT
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Health education helps individuals and groups of people learn to behave in a manner conducive to the promotion, maintenance or restoration of health. The ultimate aim of Health Education is Positive Behavioural Modification.
As far as eye care is concerned a lot of health education materials have to be developed for creating awareness about the eye diseases. We have provided you with the links of various health education materials that can be used by you to get awareness of Glaucoma.
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Glaucoma Society of India
Objectives:
To organize nation wide glaucoma courses designed and executed by The Glaucoma Society of India in order to spread basic as well as updated knowledge of glaucoma diagnosis and management.
Purpose:
Glaucoma is a chronic, potentially blinding disease with a variable rate of progression and severity in individual patients. Advances in diagnosis and therapy give us the ability for earlier diagnosis and better therapy that is less likely to affect the quality of life of the patient. While world over the need for surgical therapy is probably decreasing, economic and compliance issues would necessitate that surgery is still a predominant option in our country. The financial burden and the medical risks of treatment sometimes would overcome the benefits of treatment especially if there is over diagnosis (because of the recent advances) or the disease is non-progressive. The course would emphasize the principles of diagnosis and management of glaucoma.
Target audience:
Target audience includes all ophthalmologists: private practitioners, Ophthalmologists in Private or Government Teaching Institutions and all residents/postgraduates.
Visit our website : www.glaucomaindia.com
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You can also refer your friends to register with the innovative resources. Send in your friend's e-mail id to us at eyesite@aravind.org with the subject line Register my friend's id!
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Address:
Vision 2020 e-resource team,
Lions Aravind Institute of Community Ophthalmology,
1, Annanagar, Madurai - 625 020,
Tamil Nadu, India,
E-mail:eyesite@aravind.org
Phone: 91-452-4356500
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